CiCC
There are currently 71 CiCC in this directory beginning with the letter O.
O
Object
A product, service, process, person, organization, system or resource. Any material or immaterial entity or item or anything conceivable. (On the basis of ISO 9000:2015)
Objective evidence
Data that prove the existence or truth of something. Observation, measurement and testing are means for producing objective evidence. (On the basis of ISO 9000:2015)
Observation
A single data point or measurement recorded in a study, experiment, or analysis, contributing to the dataset's information.
Observed Performance
The actual or real performance achieved in a process, task, or operation, measured against predefined standards or expectations.
Occupational health and safety
In the EU, this is regulated by standardized directives that the member states are to implement into national law. Occupational health and safety includes safe working conditions (e.g., mandatory helmets), health protection (avoidance of chronic illnesses or impairments resulting from hazardous substances, noise, etc.) and personal protection (maternity leave, protection of young people). In Germany the basis is the Gesetz über die Durchführung von Maßnahmen des Arbeitsschutzes zur Verbesserung der Sicherheit und des Gesundheitsschutzes der Beschäftigten bei der Arbeit (Law regulating the performance of occupational health and safety measures in order to improve the safety and health protection of employees at work ArbSchG from August 7, 1996).
Occupational health and safety management
All coordinated activities and actions for the establishment, longterm guarantee and improvement of occupational health and safety. In particular, occupational health and safety management is obligated to fulfill numerous statutory requirements according to which suitable technical, organizational and personal actions are to be taken that ensure and improve the safety and health protection of the employees when performing their work.
ODBC
Open Database Connectivity: A standard interface for accessing and managing databases using SQL-based commands or queries.
Odds Ratio
A statistical measure quantifying the association or likelihood of an event occurring concerning two groups or conditions.
OEE
Overall Equipment Effectiveness: A metric assessing the efficiency of equipment or machinery in manufacturing or production processes.
OFFICE TPM
Total Productive Maintenance in Office Environments: An adaptation of TPM principles and practices applied in office settings.
OFI
Opportunity for Improvement. Audit finding that is used by various certification organizations. See Recommendation.
OH&S Control Measures
Safety protocols, procedures, or interventions implemented to mitigate risks and ensure compliance with health and safety regulations.
OHRIS
Occupational Health and Risk Management System. Management system to protect the health and safety of the employees and people living close to industrial plants. Accident rates and workrelated illnesses should be kept as low as possible by applying the standard. The Bavarian Arbeitsministerium (Department of Labor) developed OHRIS and published it for the first time in 1998.
OHSAS 18001
Occupational health and safety management system specification. Certifiable international standard for an occupational health and safety management system. OHSAS was developed by the British Standards Institution in cooperation with international certification companies. ISO 45001 serves to repeal OHSAS 18001.
OHSAS 18002
Guidelines to implement OHSAS 18001. Instruction to implement an OHSMS (occupational health and safety management system).
OKR
Objectives and Key Results: A goal-setting framework defining objectives and measurable outcomes to achieve strategic goals.
On Standard Operating Efficiency (OOE)
A measure indicating the proportion of time a machine or equipment is operating at the expected or standard performance level.
On-Time Delivery
A metric evaluating the punctuality of delivering products or services within specified or agreed-upon timeframes to customers.
One Piece Flow
A manufacturing concept aiming for a continuous and uninterrupted flow of single units through the production process.
One-factor method
Traditional method for conducting experiments. In the search for the optimal settings (best settings) for the input variables/factors of a process, only one factor is changed at a time and then the change in the output variables is measured. Unlike in DoE, possible interrelations among the input variables are not taken into account here.
One-piece flow
One-piece flow: The opposite of batch and queue; instead of building many products and then holding them in line for the next step in the process, products go through each step in the process one at a time, without interruption.
One-sample t-test
Statistical method to compare the average value of a population with a specification.
One-touch exchange of dies
One-touch exchange of dies: The reduction of die setup to a single step. Also see single-minute exchange of dies, internal setup and external setup.
Operating characteristic curve
Probability of acceptance of an inspection lot as a function of its quality level in the framework of an acceptance sampling inspection. (On the basis of DGQ Volume 11-04:2012)
Operating characteristic curve (OC curve)
Operating characteristic curve (OC curve): A graph to determine the probability of accepting lots as a function of the lots or processes quality level when using various sampling plans. There are three types: type A curves, which give the probability of acceptance for an individual lot coming from finite production (will not continue in the future); type B curves, which give the probability of acceptance for lots coming from a continuous process; and type C curves, which (for a continuous sampling plan) give the long-run percentage of product accepted during the sampling phase.
Operating expenses
Operating expenses: The money required for a system to convert inventory into throughput.
Operating instructions
Document that should exclusively point out hazards. In Germany, operating instructions are prepared for biological agents, hazardous substances and their preparations that contain such substances at a level greater than a certain percent, and for machines and other technical systems. The Employers Liability Insurance Associations recommend the following contents for operating instructions: Scope; hazards for people and the environment; protective measures and rules of conduct; conduct in case of disturbances; conduct in case of accidents; first aid; proper disposal/maintenance (for machines/technical systems); and consequences in the event of non-compliance.
Operational Definition
A precise and detailed explanation or description of a concept, variable, or process, outlining how it will be measured or observed.
Operator Cycle Time
The time taken by an operator to complete a specific task, operation, or cycle within a production or manufacturing process.
Operator inspection
Quality inspection that is conducted by the operator itself. It is a necessary part of quality control. (On the basis of DIN 55350-17)
OPL
Overall Process Loss: A measure assessing the total loss or inefficiency across the entire production or operational process.
Opportunities
The potential chances or instances within a process where defects or errors can occur, offering prospects for improvement.
Opportunity per Unit
The count or frequency of defect opportunities within each unit or item produced, evaluated in quality and defect analysis.
Optimal Design
A design or configuration maximizing performance, efficiency, or desired outcomes while minimizing resources or constraints.
Optimization Plot
A graphical representation illustrating the optimization process or the relationship between variables in an optimized system.
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ÖQA
Österreichische Arbeitsgemeinschaft zur Förderung der Qualität (QUALITY AUSTRIA), Vienna, Austria. www.qualityaustria.com
O
Organization
A structure composed of people and facilities that is characterized as an arrangement of processes, responsibilities, authorities and relationships. As examples, the standard lists: Company, corporation, firm, enterprise, institution, charity, sole trader, association, or parts or combinations of these. An organization can have a public or private nature. The standard points out that this definition applies in the framework of standards on quality management systems and that the term organization is defined differently in the ISO/IEC Guide 2. (On the basis of ISO 9000:2015)
Organization with development responsibility
Organization that is permitted to develop new product specifications or change existing product specifications. This responsibility also comprises the testing and verification of the development performance in the framework of the application that was specified by the customer (On the basis of IATF 16949:2016).
Organizational excellence
Organizational excellence: Achievement by an organization of consistent superior performancefor example, outputs that exceed meeting objectives, needs or expectations.
Organizational structure
Orderly arrangement of responsibilities, authorities and relationships between people. The formal organizational structure is usually shown in a quality manual or a quality plan (for a project). Important interfaces to external organizations can be contained in the scope of an organizational structure. (On the basis of ISO 9000:2015)
Original equipment manufacturer (OEM)
Original equipment manufacturer (OEM): An organization that uses product components from one or more other organizations to build a product that it sells under its own organization name and brand.
Orthogonal Design
An experimental design where factors or variables are independent or uncorrelated, simplifying analysis and reducing interference.
Orthogonal Regression
A regression analysis method modeling relationships between variables that are mutually perpendicular or independent.
OSHE
Occupational Safety, Health, and Environment: Refers to standards and practices ensuring workplace safety, health, and environmental protection.
OTIF
On-Time In-Full: A performance metric evaluating the delivery of products or services on time and meeting customer requirements completely.
Out of spec
Out of spec: A term that indicates a unit does not meet a given requirement or specification.
Out-of-control process
Out-of-control process: A process in which the statistical measure being evaluated is not in a state of statistical control. In other words, the variations among the observed sampling results cannot be attributed to a constant system of chance causes. Also see in-control process.
Outlier
Measured value of a sample with an unusually large deviation from other values from the sample that deviate randomly from one another. This deviation is so large that it presumably originates from another population or is the result of an error that occurred during the measurement.
Output
The result, product, or information obtained from a process, operation, or system, representing the final or intermediate deliverable.
Output Measures
Metrics or indicators quantifying the results, outcomes, or outputs achieved in a process, used for performance evaluation.
Outputs
Outputs: Products, materials, services or information provided to customers (internal or external) from a process.
Outsourced processes
Selected processes that the organization assigns to external partners instead of handling them itself. Outsourced processes are characterized by being required for the quality management system. The organization retains the responsibility for the results of these processes and must ensure that the outsourced processes also fulfill customer requirements and statutory and regulatory requirements. Consequently the organization must appropriately control them. (Cf. ISO 9001:2015)
Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE)
Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE): A value of how well a manufacturing unit performs relative to its designed capacity during the periods when it is scheduled to run. The product of a machines operational availability, performance efficiency and first-pass yield.
Overhead costs
Costs that cannot be directly attributed to an activity unit. Instead they have to be apportioned to the cost centers according to a distribution key.
Overlaid Contour Plot
A graphical tool displaying multiple contour plots overlaid on top of each other for visual comparison or analysis.
Overproduction
A type of waste in Lean methodology referring to producing more than needed or producing ahead of demand, leading to excess inventory.
Overtime Rate
The additional pay rate or compensation provided for work done beyond regular working hours or shifts.
Overview diagram
Depiction of the starting and end points of a process. This overview concentrates on the highest level of the process depiction.
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